به کانون زبان پاسارگاد خوش آمدید.

adulate (AD joo let) vt. 1. to praise too highly or flatter in a servile manner; 2. to admire to an excessive degree

•     In the king’s presence, his subjects often adulate him.

•     Ali always adulates her husband Joe when she’s looking to get him to do something for her.

[-d, adulating, adulation, adulator n., adulatory adj.]

advantageous (AD van TAY juhss) adj. resulting in having an advantage; prof­itable; favorable

•     The outbreak of war in Europe was quite advantageous for American industry.

•     Because they get to bat last, the home team in a baseball game is in an advantageous position.

adversarial* (AD voer SER ee uhl) adj. of or characterized by disagreement, opposition, hostility, etc. (as would be the case between adversaries)

•     A prosecutor and a defense attorney have an adversarial relationship—at least while they are in court.

•     During the U.S. Civil War, the Union and the Confederacy were adversarial.

adversary (AD vuhr SER ee) n. a person who fights against another; one who is in opposition to something

•     Muhammad Ali was Joe Frasier’s adversary in the boxing ring on three sepa­rate occasions.

•     The New York Yankees and the Boston Red Sox are legendary adversaries in baseball’s American League.

•     In World War II, the U.S.’s Pacific adversary was Japan. [Syn. enemy, opponent]

adversity (ad VER si tee) n. a state of poverty and trouble; a condition of mis­fortune or wretchedness; an instance of calamity

•     Those who lived through the Great Depression of the early 1930s learned how to triumph over adversity.

•     The only solution to the adversity of those living in the Dust Bowl of Oklahoma in the 1930s was to move away.

•     The Japanese automobile and electronics industries helped the country to recover from the adversity of defeat.

aerate (AER ayt) vt. 1. to open to air or to cause air to circulate through; 2. to get oxygen to the blood (as in respiration); 3. to charge a liquid with gas (such as making soda pop)

•     To improve the taste of drinking water, huge plants aerate it before it is sent to your home.

•     Your lungs aerate the blood that is brought there from your heart as part of your pulmonary circulation.

•     Soft drink makers aerate their drinks by forcing carbon dioxide to dissolve under pressure.

[-d, aerating, aeration n.]

aesthetic* (es the tik) adj. 1. of beauty; 2. sensitive to art and beauty; demon­strating good taste; being artistic

•     Van Gogh’s Starry Night has an aesthetic quality that defies being expressed in words.

•     Aaron was touched by the aesthetic arrangement of the flowers blooming in the garden.

[aesthetically adv., aesthetical, aesthete n.]

affect (uh FEKT) vt. 1. to influence; to produce a change; 2. to move or cause an emotional response; 3. to pretend to be, have, feel, or like —n. an emotional response; an emotion or feeling attached to an idea

•     Both crosswind and current affect our ability to row straight across to the other side of the river.

•     Seeing the photos of the liberated concentration camp inmates affects many people.

•     As the voice of Shrek, Mike Meyers affects the role of a lovable green ogre. [-ed, -ing, affectable adj.] [Syn. assume (sense 3)]

affront (uhf RUHNT) vt. 1. to openly or purposefully insult; offend; slight; 2. to confront in a defiant manner —n. an open or deliberate insult

•     Don’t affront Bill’s mother by telling her the chicken she prepared tasted like the take-out chicken’s bucket.

•     When you tell your parents you’ll do anything you want regardless of what they think, you affront them.

•     Debbie’s not inviting Sally to her birthday party was a deliberate affront. [-ed, -ing] [Syn. offend]

agenda* (uh JEN duh) n. a list of things to be done; especially, a program of things to be done at a meeting

•           Jason wanted to settle down and have children, but his brother Dylan had a totally different agenda.

•           “Old Business” was the second thing on the agenda for the meeting, just after the reading of the minutes from the last meeting.

agile (A juhl) adj. 1. able to move quickly and easily; deft and active of body or mind; 2. keen and lively (of mind)

•     The ballerina showed how agile she was as she effortlessly danced and frol­icked about the stage.

•     The comedian was agile of mind as he moved from one quip seamlessly to the next.

[agilely adv., agility n.]

agrarian (uhg RAR ee uhn) adj. 1. relating to land in general; 2. relating to farms, farmers, and agriculture

•     The agrarian laws of the late twentieth century had the government paying farmers to not grow certain crops.

•     Agrarian schools teach farmers about crop rotation and how alternating certain crops replenishes soil nutrients.

QUICK REVIEW #4

Match the word from column 2 with the word from column 1 that means most nearly the same thing.