anarchy (AN er kee) n. 1. a complete lack of government; 2. characterized by political disorder and violence; lawlessness; 3. disorder in any area of activity or endeavor
• With no government in power, anarchy reigned supreme.
• In the current state of anarchy, looting and violence were the everyday state of affairs.
• With no proven theory as to the mechanism of the Copelia virus, anarchy prevailed in the field of viral research.
[anarchic, anarchical adj., anarchist n., anarchically adv.]
ancestor (AN ses toer) n. 1. someone from whom one is descended, especially one earlier than a grandparent; forefather; forebear; 2. an earlier kind of animal from which later types have evolved; 3. anything regarded as a forerunner of a thing that developed later
• My neighbor Bryan claims that Davey Crockett was his ancestor.
• The saber-tooth tiger is thought to be an ancestor of today’s big cats as well as domesticated cats.
• The British Morris Mini is considered the ancestor of all modern compact cars with sideways-mounted engines.
[ancestral adj.]
ancient (AYN shent) adj. 1. belonging to the distant past, especially prior to the end of the Western Roman Empire (476 a.d.); 2. having been in existence a long time; very, very old; 3. antiquated; old-fashioned —n. 1. a person who lived in ancient times; 2. a very old person
• In ancient days, Athens and Sparta were great city-states.
• Baltimore’s Fort McHenry is an ancient structure.
• Barbara thinks her mom’s notions of proper behavior are totally ancient, dude.
• Julius Caesar was an ancient; so is my grandfather. [Syn. old]
ancillary (AN sil er ee) adj. 1. underling or subordinate, often used with to; 2. that serves as an aid; auxiliary
• On the Minnow, Gilligan was ancillary to the Skipper.
• While the main body of a news article imparts primary information, sidebars usually contain ancillary or related facts.
anecdote (AN ik doht) n. 1. a short, entertaining account of something that happened, usually personal or biographical; 2. (obsolete) a little-known amusing fact
• Jonah related the anecdote about himself and the whale.
• Many are unaware of the fact that some social studies books once contained the anecdote that Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin that he’d built with his own hands.
[anecdotal adj., anecdotally adv.] [Syn. story]
animate (AN i mayt) vt. 1. to bring to life; to give life to; 2. to cause to be energetic or spirited; 3. to move to action; inspire
• Skillful puppeteers are able to convincingly animate lifeless, wooden, marionettes.
• You can rely on Harold to join in a dull discussion and, by so doing, to immediately animate it.
• The group of soldiers sat around acting glum, until Sergeant Jones animated them to take action.
[-d, animating, animation n.]
antagonist* (an TAG uh nisst) n. 1. a person who competes against or opposes another; adversary; opponent; 2. a muscle, drug, etc. that acts to oppose another
• The Boston Red Sox baseball team is the chief antagonist of the New York Yankees baseball team.
• Afrasiab was Rustam's antagonist.
• For every muscle in your body that causes a body part to move in a certain direction, an antagonist muscle exists to return the part to its original position.
[-ic adj., -ically adv., antagonism n.] [Syn. opponent]
anthology (an THOL i jee) n. a collection of short stories, songs, poems, excerpts, etc. compiled into a single book
• Every poetry collection is an anthology if more than a single poet’s works are included.
• Almost every CD of popular music is an anthology of songs. [-logies pl., -logize vt., -logizer, -logist n., -logistic adj.]
antiquated (an tik WAY tid) adj. 1. no longer useful or used; obsolete; out of date; old fashioned; 2. very aged
• A very small part of this book was typed on an antiquated IBM Selectric typewriter—a very small part.
• I usually drive an antiquated Toyota from the mid-1980s. [antiquate vt.] [Syn. old]
antiseptic (AN ti SEP tik) adj. 1. disallowing infection, decay, etc. by slowing the growth of microbes; 2. free from infectious agents or infection; 3. very clean; sterile; 4. untouched by life’s problems, emotions, etc. —n. a cleaning agent meant to prevent the growth of bacteria and viruses
• When you get a cut, it’s a good idea to use an antiseptic cream to prevent its becoming infected.
• An operating room should be in antiseptic condition.
• You need not keep your room antiseptic; just neat will do.
• The hermit led an antiseptic life, locked away in his penthouse apartment with no contact with the outside.
[-ally adv.]
anxiety (ang ZY i tee) n. 1. a state of uneasiness, apprehension, or worriedness about what the future might hold; 2. feeling powerless and unprepared to deal with threatening (usually imaginary) events; 3. an eager but often uneasy concern (to do well)
• Karen always felt anxiety about her investments in the stock market and was nervous about losing money.
• Lou’s biggest anxiety concerned earthquakes, which was especially unusual because he lived in New York City.
• Anxiety hung heavily in the air of the SAT exam room. [anxieties pl.] [Syn. care]
apathetic (AP uh THET ik) adj. 1. feeling emotionless; unmoved; 2. disinterested; listless
• That most Americans were apathetic to the election was evidenced by the very low turnout.
• Football fans are rarely apathetic to the fortunes of their home teams; they yell and cheer for them, even on TV.
[-ally adv., apathy n.] [Syn. impassive]
QUICK REVIEW #7
Match the word from column 2 with the word from column 1 that means most nearly the same thing.
|
1. anarchy |
a. auxiliary |
|
2. ancestor |
b. impassive |
|
3. ancient |
c. clean |
|
4. ancillary |
d. aged |
|
5. anecdote |
e. collection |
|
6. animate |
f. care |
|
7. antagonist |
g. lawlessness |
|
8. anthology |
h. inspire |
|
9. antiquated |
i. story |
|
10. antiseptic |
j. forebear |
|
11. anxiety |
k. opponent |
|
12. apathetic |
l. obsolete |
بناب، خ دانشجو، ساختمان صالح مطلق 2،